Main Street Railroad Bridge
by Pete Zizka
9-9-2023

A hundred twenty years after it was first proposed, we can probably put this idea in the “So Glad it Didn’t Happen” category. In 1903, the plan to build a footbridge was not the only one being discussed. At the town meeting in August 1903, voters had approved the building of “a highway bridge at a cost not to exceed $75,000” and at a location to be selected at a later meeting. Of course, due to finances that eventually led to the building of the footbridge in 1906. But by 1903, the trolley had come to town. The Willimantic to Baltic line ended at the Main Street railroad crossing so that passengers who wished to continue up Main Street (the line through Willimantic went as far as Willimantic Cemetery) had to disembark one trolley and board another. Now, Melvin Lincoln proposed another bridge that would involve the excavation of an underpass beneath the railroad lines on lower Main Street and the building of a railroad bridge. He believed it would cost around $30,000 in order to eliminate the grade crossing there and enable trolley lines to be connected.  Although the town council estimated the cost to be about $50,000, a committee was nevertheless appointed to look into the building of a railroad bridge at the Main Street crossing. On October 27, 1903, the Board of Aldermen met to hear the proposal of the committee that had been appointed by Mayor Barrows. The committee had met with an “experienced engineer” and they had “thoroughly investigated the railroad crossings at Main, Union, Milk and Ash Streets”. They had also produced a map showing the properties adjoining the tracks. Of course, in Willimantic, nothing came easily. The railroad company wanted nothing to do with the project unless it involved the Union and Jackson Street crossing and the land between Main and Union Streets along the tracks as well. (Today’s photo shows the tracks as seen going across Main Street at a 36 degree angle, then going across the “middle ground” and across the Jackson and Union Street intersection at about a 45 degree angle). A massive amount of work would have been required. The grade of Main Street would be lowered at a grade of 6 percent beginning on the west side at the point where Main and Union Streets separated at Lincoln Square. When it reached the bridge, it would be almost eighteen feet below the top of the rail and fourteen feet below the bridge. Fortunately, topography was in the planners’ favor and the grade from the bridge to the east would have to ascend only three percent as far as Jackson Street. The bridge would have to be about a hundred feet long and would have to be truss construction. The cost of the bridge was estimated to be about $30,000 and the other work such as excavation, relaying of water pipes, curbs and gutters etc. would add another $15-20 thousand. Now, the committee addressed how to eliminate the Jackson and Union Street crossing. On the east side of the tracks, forty feet of the “John Hickey corner” as well as forty feet of “The American Thread Company corner” would have to be condemned. So too would the buildings of the Stiles and Harris Company and the William Barrows property, both of which sat on “the middle ground”. A street fifty feet wide was proposed for the “middle ground” so that those traveling south on Jackson Street would have to turn west on new, wider Union Street and, at the point of the Barrows land cross over to Main Street. On the west side of the tracks, it was proposed to lay out a street parallel to the west tracks that would connect Union Street to Main Street. By March, 1904, another committee had estimated that the cost of damages to be paid to the affected property owners would be $45,000. Another year went by and still there was no real agreement on what to do and several more plans had been devised. In 1905, however, the New Haven and New York Railroad said that the plan was just too expensive and would not take part in it. It may be interesting to ponder what would have been done at the time of Redevelopment if that bridge had been built.

Below are several old map sections and photos showing the areas and buildings that would have been affected by the project.

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The four men on the right near the sidewalk are on the south side of Main Street and the group of children
on the left are on the north side of Main Street. The railroad bridge would have been
 built at the grade level shown and at this point, Main Street would have been
 lowered almost 14 feet to go under the bridge.

Looking southwest from the Union Street area. The brick building and the stone building
(as well as 2 others) were owned by the Linen Company at the time of the proposed project.
In later years, the brick building was home to the Eastern States Farmers' Exhange.

The “middle crossing” (Union Street as reconstructed) would have taken all the land lying between Main and Union Streets west of the railroad up to the land of Dennis Shea. That would have meant to condemnation of the buildings owned by W.D. Barrows and Stiles & Harrington. It’s unclear whether or not the Jillson House would have been condemned. All the land east of the railroad tracks and bounded by Main and Jackson would also have been condemned.

 

The change of grade of Main Street would have begun, “at a point opposite the middle line of the Cushman Building and descending easterly at a grade of 6% to a point seventeen feet, six inches below the top of the railroad rail”. From the east approach, “commencing at the east rail at the same depth and ascending at a grade of 3% to the east line of Jackson Street.

 

The “cut” would be 4 feet deep opposite Mrs. Hall’s building (17-19 Union Street), 6 feet deep opposite M.A. Sullivan’s Building (21 Union Street) seven and one half feet opposite Dennis Shea’s building (25-29 Union Street), ten and one-fourth feet opposite Barrow’s building and 14 feet opposite the land of Stiles and Harrington. East of the railroad crossing the cut would be nine feet opposite the American Thread Company land.

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The committee that had been appointed to estimate the probable damages that would occur to property owners due to the proposed change of grade on Main, Union and Jackson Streets said that the affected parties would be the E.A. Buck Company (646-648 Main), Swift and Co.(640 Main), Stearns Harness Co.(636 Main), C.L Clark (plumber - 628 Main), the Cushman Estate, Milton Hall (grocer - 629 Main), M.A. Sullivan (saloon - 623 Main), Dennis Shea (613-619 Main), W.D. Barrows (605 Main), Stiles and Harrington (585-593 Main), John Hickey (86-82 Union) , D.E. Potter and the American Thread Co. The committee estimated that the total damages would be $55,600.

Since the elimination of the Main and Union Street grade crossings would necessitate a new connection between Jackson and Union Street west of the tracks and between Union Street and Jackson Street east of the tracks, the city would have to condemn about 40 feet from the corner of the Hickey property (82-86 Union) on the west side of the tracks and about 40 feet from the American Thread property on the east side of the tracks.

Cushman's Building

From right to left are the buildings that in 1903 would have been the Shea Block, Sullivan Building, Hall Building, and a brick building belonging to the Cushman Estate.
From left to right are the buildings that, in the 1960s belonged to Goettlich's Furniture and Martin's Home Appliances. The others are vacant except for the last brick building on the right which housed Columbia Cleaners on the Union Street side. Several of the businesses had both Union Street and Main Street addresses.

The Shea Block
The wood frame building at 605 Main (belonging toW.D. Barrows) can be
seen on the far right

The Willimantic to Norwich Trolley line stopped just east of the RR tracks. A train's flatcar , crossing on the tracks, can be seen in the background. The Willimantic to Coventry trolley line then began on the west side of the tracks. Passengers would have to disembark, cross the tracks and then get back on another car if they wished to go all the way through. Notice the railroad signal tower and signalman at the top right of the photo.

Photo courtesy Rose and Joseph "Al" Beaulieu
626 Main Street - Saba's Package Store
628 Main Street  - Graphic Photo (City Lunch was in building previously)
634 Main Street - Gene's Shoe Hospital 

640 Main Street
Willimantic Beef - then Swift and Co. and then Willimantic Frozen Foods 

Rosen's Auto Supply
628 Main Street. In later years, the storefront was occupied by “City Lunch”.

640 Main Street
To the left of Swift's is 636 Main Street.
Until the 1920s - Stearns Harness Company
1950s - Willimantic Music Company  
1960s - Malcolm Office Equipment

646 Main
Edwin A. Buck's Grain Store
Later renumbered to 648 and became Rosen's Department Store



664-678 Main Street
This shows the rebuilt (after the 1913 fire) Jordan Block. To the block's left are  658 and 654 Main Street. These would not have been affected by the project.

From a 1914 map